Lumipad

Flight school: into the field.

Week 5 is the steepest skill curve of the program. Out of the workshop, into a partner cacao farm 40 minutes outside Davao. Days are longer and start earlier — 07:00 to 13:00 to beat the afternoon thermals that make tropical drone flight unpredictable. Monday is untethered hover; Tuesday is coordinated patterns and FPV-only flying; Wednesday introduces INAV Mission Planner and the first autonomous waypoint mission; Thursday flies real survey grids over real cacao plots with NDVI capture; Friday is the solo survey mission assessment. By Friday afternoon each trainee has logged 25+ minutes of unassisted flight time and flown a complete autonomous survey for a partner cooperative.

Version 1.0 · Updated 05·2026 Author: Lumipad Engineering License: CC-BY-SA-4.0 Languages: EN · TL · CEB

Five days, in detail. Pick the day.

This page is the day-by-day expansion of Week 5 in the curriculum overview. Each day is its own panel below — click a day tab to see the morning and afternoon schedules in detail, the hands-on activities with steps, the materials list, common pitfalls, and the end-of-day check.

Designed for two audiences. Cohort instructors running a Week 5 cohort use this as the field lesson plan — block-by-block timing, the rubric for the solo survey mission, where trainees in earlier cohorts typically struggle (FPV-only flying disorientation on Tuesday; over-confidence on Thursday before failure-mode drills land). Trainees use this as preview-and-review — what mission parameters to set, the failure-mode responses to memorise, the platform upload sequence after each flight.

Out of the workshop, into the field. Week 1 was foundational; Week 2 was hands-on hardware; Week 3 was the cognitive grind; Week 4 was the first hover. Week 5 is field school — at a partner cacao farm 40 minutes outside Davao. Days run 07:00–13:00 (early start to beat afternoon thermals; afternoon practice is unpredictable in tropical Mindanao). Cohort and instructors travel together; lunch is the wrap rather than the midpoint. The skill curve is the steepest of the program — different challenge than Week 3's cognitive grind. Historically: Week 5 has higher conditional-pass rate (~25%) than other weeks; ~10-15% benefit from optional Saturday make-up flights or the program's optional 7th week of supervised practice. No graduate flies client missions until they've passed Week 5.

What to bring; logistics; the firmware migration.

Week 5 is field-based. The cohort travels together to a partner cacao farm 40 minutes outside Davao, runs 07:00–13:00 on the field, and returns to the workshop for end-of-day debrief. Different rhythm; different equipment list; different logistics. Trainees should arrive Monday with their Week 4 builds, the firmware already migrated to INAV (homework assignment over the weekend; instructor-supported), and prepared for early starts under the Mindanao sun.

Item What it is Why Source
1
Closed-toe shoes + long pants Same as previous weeks — but worn every day this week, not just for outdoor blocks. Sturdy soles preferred; cacao plot has uneven terrain.
Field site has dirt, roots, occasional cacao plot debris. Closed-toe footwear non-negotiable for the entire week.
Trainee provides
2
Sun protection Wide-brimmed hat (cohort default provides if trainee doesn't have one). Long-sleeve shirt for arms. Sunscreen for face and neck.
Mindanao sun at 07:00 is gentle; by 12:00 it is brutal. Long-sleeve shirts protect against UV and against cacao branches catching skin during walk-back retrievals.
Trainee provides + cohort-provided spares
3
Water bottle (≥2L capacity) Reusable bottle, large size. Cohort default brings 5L water cooler to refill mid-session.
Hydration is critical for sustained focus during multi-hour field sessions. Earlier cohorts report trainees who under-hydrate make more flight errors after lunch.
Trainee provides + cohort-provided cooler
4
Notebook + pen Same as previous weeks. Field log entries — wind, GPS sat count, battery state, mission parameters — all benefit from written notes.
Field conditions vary day-to-day; written log helps trainees diagnose patterns ("my hover drifts more when wind is from the east").
Trainee provides
5
Their Week 4 build with INAV firmware migrated The drone trainees flew Friday Week 4. Critical pre-week task: firmware migration from BetaFlight to INAV.
INAV provides Mission Planner functionality that BetaFlight doesn't. Cohort default Saturday between Week 4 and Week 5 (or Sunday morning) runs a 2-hour migration session at the workshop. Instructor-supported; preserves channel mappings, modes, and failsafe; adds INAV-specific configuration. Trainees who skip the session need migration done Monday morning before flight school starts.
Workshop migration session (cohort default offers Saturday + Sunday options)
6
Field-day battery pack (8 batteries per trainee per day) Cohort default provides 8 charged 4S 1500mAh packs per trainee per day. Each gives ~6-8 minutes flight time at cohort default mission profile. 8 packs ≈ 50-60 min total airtime, enough for the day's flight blocks plus contingency.
Field flying consumes batteries fast. Cohort default uses overnight charging at workshop with 4 ToolkitRC chargers running 4 packs each; charger transport in protective cases.
Cohort program supplies + chargers
7
Transmitter + spare antenna Same FlySky FS-i6X bound to trainee's build (from Week 3 binding). Cohort tracks bindings; same TX-to-build pairing for the week. Spare antenna in case of damage.
Field damage to transmitter antennas does happen — dropped TX, brushed against cacao branch, etc. Cohort default keeps spares in field kit.
Cohort program · workshop transmitter pool · field kit spares
8
Workshop laptop with INAV Configurator + Mission Planner + platform upload tool Cohort default brings 4 workshop laptops to field. Used for mission planning (Wed-Fri), failure-mode debriefs, and platform upload at end of each day.
Field requires offline-first software; INAV Configurator runs locally; Mission Planner pulls cached satellite imagery (downloaded before field departure for the partner farm AOI).
Cohort program supplies (workshop laptops in transport cases)

Recommended pre-week reading (strongly recommended)

Week 5 is the steepest skill curve of the program. Trainees who arrive prepared track Week 5 notably better:

  • flight-training.html in full: the canonical reference for cohort default flight technique. Covers stick discipline, hover practice progression, FPV-only flying, mode-switching technique, and recovery from common in-flight situations. ~30 min. The single highest-impact pre-reading for Week 5.
  • missions.html in full: covers the cooperative survey mission workflow end-to-end — from coop request to mission planning to data delivery. Sets up Wednesday's Mission Planner work. ~25 min.
  • mission-planner-tool.html in full: the canonical reference for the cohort default INAV Mission Planner. Covers AOI polygon drawing, survey grid generation, altitude/overlap parameters, mission upload protocol. Wednesday's field session uses this. ~20 min.
  • field-ops.html Sections 1-3: field site setup, weather decision-making, in-field safety. ~15 min.
  • emergencies.html in full: response to in-flight emergencies (radio loss, GPS loss, low battery, fly-away). Thursday's failure-mode drill references this directly. ~20 min.
  • Re-review Week 4 22-item pre-flight checklist: still in use; will be used 5+ times per trainee per day during field sessions.

Total: ~110-130 minutes of pre-reading. Strongly recommended this week — most-impactful pre-reading of the program. Trainees who skip this will track Day 1 (open hover) fine but find Wednesday-Friday markedly harder.

Schedule: Mon–Fri, 07:00–13:00 with a 30-min snack break and lunch back at workshop. This is a major shift from prior weeks. Cohort transport leaves workshop at 06:00 (40-min drive). Field setup 06:50; first flight blocks 07:15. End of field day at 12:30; transport back to workshop arriving ~13:15. Lunch + debrief 13:15–14:30 at workshop. Workshop closes by 15:30 (charging starts immediately for next day).

Weather contingency: tropical Mindanao means daily weather variability. Cohort default decision rule: cancel field flying if (a) sustained winds >8 m/s expected, (b) visible rain within 30 min radius, (c) thunderstorm forecast within 50km. On cancellation days, fall back to workshop simulator + Mission Planner desk practice + theory. Historically: ~1 cancellation day per Week 5; mostly recovered by extending Week 5 by half a day or adjusting Week 6 schedule.

Pick a day. Get the field plan.

Each day below is a self-contained lesson plan. Click a day to see the morning and afternoon detailed schedules, the hands-on activities with specific steps, materials, common pitfalls, and the end-of-day check that confirms learning. Days are sequenced — running them out of order will produce gaps.

Day 1 of 5 · Monday ~6 contact hours · 06:00 transport · 07:00–13:00 field · 13:15–14:30 debrief

Open-field hover practice and mode switching.

Day 1 takes the tether off. Morning: each trainee gets four 8-minute battery slots in clear open terrain at the partner cacao farm. Goals: stable untethered hover, gentle translation across the field, controlled descent. Afternoon (last field block): practising mode switching mid-flight — Angle / Horizon / Acro — feeling how each mode responds. By end of the field day, every trainee has logged ~30 minutes of unassisted flight time.

By end of Monday, trainees can:

  • Conduct a complete pre-flight checklist in the field environment (different from workshop — wind, GPS sat count, terrain hazards).
  • Hover untethered at ~1.5m altitude for 60+ continuous seconds without crashing.
  • Translate gently across the field (~10m forward and back) maintaining altitude.
  • Switch between Angle, Horizon, and Acro modes mid-flight, returning to Angle before each landing.
  • Recognise wind drift and apply small stick corrections to hold position.
  • Articulate the difference between simulator practice (Week 1) and real-world flight (this week) — the wind, the GPS lag, the visual scale.
Block Time What happens Materials
T
06:00–06:40
Workshop departure and transport. Cohort meets at workshop 05:50. All builds, batteries (overnight-charged), transmitters, laptops, and field kit loaded into transport. 40-min drive to partner cacao farm. Cohort default uses two vehicles for redundancy (one carries builds + chargers, one carries trainees + spare equipment). Drive time used for cohort default Week 5 framing — what to expect, the stakes, the difference from workshop work.
Transport vehicles · field kit (tools, spares, first-aid, water cooler) · trainee builds in protective cases · 8 batteries × 6 trainees = 48 packs
M0
06:40–07:15
Field site setup. Arrive at partner farm. Greet farm contact (cohort default has standing arrangement; designated contact for cohort visits). Setup:
  • Identify flying area: cleared section adjacent to cacao plots; ~50m × 50m open ground; no overhead branches; no power lines visible from area.
  • Setup pilot station: portable table for laptops + battery checker + LiPo bench; safety perimeter cones placed at ~10m radius from intended takeoff point.
  • Setup cohort observation area: ~15m from pilot station; trainees who aren't flying observe from here.
  • Wind check: cohort default uses small handheld anemometer; reading recorded. If >5 m/s sustained, instructor decides go/no-go per cohort default rule (max 8 m/s for trainee flying; max 5 m/s for first-day untethered).
  • GPS sat count check on instructor demo drone: confirms field has clear sky and no major interference.
  • Last farm-related check: any farm activity in the area today (workers, vehicles, livestock)? Cohort default: no flying in areas with active farm operations.
Anemometer · perimeter cones (8-10) · portable tables × 2 · sun shade for laptops · LiPo bench · first-aid kit
M1
07:15–08:30
Untethered hover round 1 (8 min per trainee). Each trainee in turn flies 8-minute battery (~1 min margin to the cohort default 7-min usable airtime):
  • Walk through 22-item pre-flight checklist out loud (now in field environment — items 1-4 site checks land differently here).
  • Place build at takeoff point (perimeter cone marks the spot).
  • Battery + smoke check.
  • Wait for ESC startup tones and GPS lock (~30-60 sec at field site).
  • Announce "arming"; engage arming switch.
  • Smooth ascent to ~1.5m. Hold for 60 seconds. Notice how wind affects hover (small drift in wind direction; correct with subtle stick inputs).
  • Translate ~10m forward at constant altitude. Pause. Translate ~10m back to start. Pause.
  • Translate ~10m left, pause, ~10m right back to start, pause.
  • Hold final hover for 30 seconds.
  • Smooth descent to ground. Disarm.
  • Walk to LiPo bench; cohort applauds.
~12-15 min per trainee with full ritual; ~75 min total for 6 trainees. Battery rotation begins as each trainee finishes.
All 6 builds · 6 batteries (one per trainee for round 1) · checklists · field perimeter
M2
08:30–09:00
Snack + battery rotation. Trainees rest, hydrate, snack. Instructor swaps depleted batteries onto chargers (cohort default uses portable inverter from one of the transport vehicles; charges 4 packs in parallel). Brief group debrief on round 1: what each trainee noticed, what felt different from simulator practice. Common observation: "the wind is real."
Snacks (cohort default brings; ~₱500/day) · water cooler · portable chargers
M3
09:00–10:15
Untethered hover round 2 (8 min per trainee). Same protocol as round 1, but with two changes:
  • Trainees fly with their own observed wind direction in mind — pre-position the build with nose pointed into wind for predictable behaviour.
  • Translation pattern is a square pattern instead of forward-back: ~10m forward, hover 5 sec, ~10m left, hover 5 sec, ~10m back, hover 5 sec, ~10m right, hover 5 sec, return to centre. Builds the predictable-flight-path discipline that survey work requires.
  • Land. Disarm.
~12-15 min per trainee.
Same as M1
M4
10:15–10:45
Snack + observation block. Cohort observes instructor demo flight: instructor flies a clean square pattern at ~3m altitude, demonstrates Angle vs Horizon mode briefly mid-flight (returns to Angle for landing). Trainees take notes; ask questions. Instructor narrates what they're feeling on the sticks.
Instructor demo drone · workshop sound for narration if available
M5
10:45–12:00
Untethered hover round 3 (8 min per trainee) — square pattern + first mode switch.
  • Square pattern at ~2m altitude.
  • At centre of pattern, while in stable hover: switch from Angle to Horizon mode. Notice difference (drone responds slightly more directly; not self-leveling at large stick deflection).
  • Hold Horizon for ~10 seconds in stable hover.
  • Switch back to Angle before any movement. Always switch back to Angle before stick movement until comfort builds.
  • Continue square pattern; land in Angle mode.
Cohort default rule: Acro mode not yet — Acro requires substantially more practice; introduced Tuesday only for trainees who handle Horizon comfortably. Switching from Angle to Acro mid-flight while moving is a known cause of crashes; cohort default never does this without instructor calling it.
Same builds; rotation through 6 trainees
M6
12:00–12:30
Round 4 + buffer. Trainees who want a 4th round get one (~8 min). Trainees who feel done can rest and watch others. Most trainees take 4 rounds; 1-2 take 3 rounds and skip the optional 4th if fatigued. Instructor circulates at LiPo bench for diagnostic conversations on what each trainee struggled with.
Same setup; remaining batteries
M7
12:30–13:00
Field pack-up + transport. All builds packed in transport cases; batteries collected; equipment loaded. 30-min drive back to workshop.
Transport vehicles · trainee builds · used + remaining batteries
L
13:15–14:00
Lunch + debrief at workshop. Cohort default brings or orders lunch. Group debrief: each trainee shares two observations — "one thing that felt easier than expected; one thing that felt harder than expected." Patterns emerge across cohort. Instructor maps observations to upcoming days' work.
Workshop · lunch (cohort budget; ~₱2,000-3,000)
A1
14:00–14:30
Battery charge sequence + tomorrow preview. All 48 packs onto chargers (4 chargers, 4 packs each = 16 packs/cycle; ~1 hour per cycle; 3 cycles complete by ~17:30). Trainees who finished can leave; instructor stays to monitor charging. Brief preview of Tuesday: coordinated patterns + FPV-only flying + camera-attitude practice. Trainees encouraged to think about how their visual scale calibration today maps to FPV-only flying tomorrow.
Workshop chargers (4 × ToolkitRC M7) · LiPo bags · workshop fume area

Common Day 1 pitfalls

  • Visual scale mis-calibration: simulator practice from Week 1 calibrated trainee's sense of distance to the simulator's rendered scale; real-world drones look much smaller at distance. Trainees often hover too close to themselves or too far from themselves before realising. Cohort default fix: instructor pre-marks the field with cone references (5m, 10m, 15m from pilot station); trainees practise hovering at marked distances to recalibrate.
  • Wind under-correction: wind drifts drone downwind; trainee notices but corrects too gently. Drone keeps drifting. Cohort default fix: emphasise "stick into wind" principle — small but firm correction; release stick when drift stops.
  • Wind over-correction: opposite — trainee feels drift, applies hard correction, drone overshoots into wind. Pendulum oscillation. Cohort default fix: smaller corrections, gentler hands; relax shoulders.
  • Throttle creep upward during hover: trainee adds tiny throttle inputs to maintain altitude; over time, drone climbs without trainee noticing. Cohort default fix: instructor calls out altitude changes; trainee learns to actively monitor altitude during hover.
  • Looking at the drone instead of the relative position: trainee follows drone with eyes; loses ground reference; spatial confusion. Cohort default fix: practise looking at the ground around the drone, not the drone itself. The drone's position is meaningful relative to landmarks, not in isolation.
  • Mode-switch panic: trainee switches Angle → Horizon mid-flight; drone behaviour feels different; trainee panics; over-corrects. Cohort default fix: switch only in stable hover; hold for 10 seconds without sticks; switch back to Angle; only later try movement in Horizon.
  • Battery state mismanagement: trainee flies until ESC beeper triggers (low battery); cuts it close. Cohort default fix: voluntary land at ~30% battery (cohort default 4-cell at ~14.4V resting) — leaves margin for unexpected wind or recovery flight.
  • Heat exhaustion: by 11:00 the Mindanao sun is intense. Trainees who haven't hydrated produce more flight errors. Cohort default fix: instructor monitors hydration; trainees who look fatigued skip a flight round and rest in shade.

End-of-day check. Each trainee logged in field log:

  • Number of flight rounds completed (target: 3-4).
  • Untethered hover sustained for 60+ seconds.
  • Translation patterns executed (forward/back, square).
  • Mode switch attempted (Angle → Horizon → Angle).
  • Total airtime (~25-30 min target).

Trainees who didn't reach 60-sec hover: noted for instructor attention Tuesday morning. Trainees who skipped rounds due to fatigue: noted; Tuesday will have lighter pace if pattern persists.

Tonight's prep for Tuesday. Optional: re-read flight-training.html Sections 2-3 (coordinated patterns and FPV-only flying). Required: rest. Tuesday is more demanding than Monday — coordinated patterns require predictability; FPV-only flying introduces visual disorientation that's genuinely hard to prepare for via reading. Hydration and sleep matter.

Complete Week 5 materials list.

Aggregated materials list for an instructor running Week 5 with 6 trainees. Cohort default budget: ~₱9,500 per trainee for Week 5, dominated by extra batteries (8/trainee/day × 5 days = 40 cycles × ₱120 amortised), transport, partner farm honorarium, and food. Workshop laptops, FPV equipment, and chargers are reused from prior weeks.

Category Item Quantity (6 trainees) Cohort note
FLIGHT
4S 1500mAh LiPo batteries
36-48 packs in rotation (8/trainee/day; multiple cycles per pack)
Cohort default ~₱1,500-2,000 each. Cohort owns ~36-48 packs total amortised across cohorts; per-cohort cost is wear (~10% pack loss per cohort = ₱5,000-7,000).
CHARGE
LiPo chargers (parallel)
4 chargers (ToolkitRC M7 or equivalent) running 4 packs each
Workshop fixture; reused. Cohort default brings to field for top-up charging on cancellation days; otherwise stays at workshop.
PROP
5-inch tri-blade props (heavy field consumption)
3-4 sets per trainee (one in use, 2-3 spares for replacements)
~₱150-250 per set of 4. Field flying damages props more than workshop hover (Mon-Tue patterns hit ground; Thu-Fri auto-RTH descents sometimes scrape). Cohort default: ~30-40% prop replacement rate during Week 5.
FIELD
Partner farm honorarium
5 days of partner farm access
Cohort default offers small honorarium to cooperative or farm owner (~₱2,000-5,000/week + access to NDVI imagery as deliverable). Builds long-term partnership; reciprocal.
TRANS
Transport (cohort + equipment)
2 vehicles (one for trainees, one for equipment) × 5 days
Cohort default uses cohort vehicles + small additional rental if needed. ~₱500-1,000/day fuel + driver costs.
FOOD
Field snacks + workshop lunches
5 days × cohort + instructors
~₱500/day for field snacks + ~₱2,000-2,500/day for workshop lunch. ~₱12,500-15,000/week total. Cohort default covers; trainees don't pay.
FIELD
Field setup equipment
Anemometer, perimeter cones, sun shade canopies, portable tables, water cooler, first-aid kit, fire blanket, sand bucket
Workshop fixture; reused. ~₱5,000-8,000 setup; persistent.
PC
Workshop laptops (Mission Planner + platform upload)
7 (5 Mission Planner + 2 platform upload kiosks; Mac or Windows)
Workshop fixture from Weeks 3-4; INAV Configurator + Mission Planner pre-installed; platform browser tabs cached. Reused across cohorts.
SD
microSD cards for NDVI rig captures
12-16 cards (one per trainee per day for fresh capture; cohort default rotates between cohort and uploaded archive)
~₱350-500 each. Reused; cohort default formats between cohorts.
MAP
Cached satellite imagery + AOI files
Pre-downloaded for partner farm; 6 prepared 100m × 150m AOI polygons for Friday assessment
Workshop pre-week task; cohort default keeps cached imagery in workshop laptops between cohorts.
FPV
FPV goggles (Tuesday only)
4 pairs from workshop pool
From Week 4; reused. Brought to field Tuesday only.
SAFE
Instructor backup TX
1 instructor TX configured for failsafe override
Cohort default workshop fixture; pre-configured to over-ride trainee TX via FC's "RTH switch" mode. Reused across cohorts.
DRILL
Cohort default deliberately-aged batteries
1-2 reserved packs for low-battery drills (Thursday)
Cohort retains 1-2 packs at end-of-life for this purpose; replaced annually.
PRINT
Printed materials
Field operations briefing, INAV migration guide, Mission Planner reference, survey grid planning reference, failure-mode playbook, platform upload guide, assessment rubrics, individual field logs
~₱700-1,000 per cohort.
PHONE
Field communications
Cohort phones (instructor + trainees); 2-way radios as backup
Cell coverage at partner farm is variable; cohort default keeps 2 handheld 2-way radios for field-to-instructor communication during outdoor sessions.

Per-cohort cost: ~₱60,000-70,000 total for 6 trainees (transport ~₱5,000; food ~₱13,000; partner honorarium ~₱3,000; battery wear ~₱6,000; props ~₱5,000; cohort default Saturday make-up sessions ~₱2,000-5,000 if needed; misc workshop overhead ~₱5,000). Field equipment + workshop laptops amortise across many cohorts; partner farm relationship is reciprocal (cohort delivers NDVI imagery as part of honorarium).

One solo survey mission. Four checks.

The Week 5 assessment is the solo survey mission. Four specific demonstrations performed by each trainee Friday morning, without instructor intervention except for safety. Higher conditional-pass rate than other weeks (~25%); higher Saturday/Week 7 rate (~10-15%) — the curriculum acknowledges Week 5 is a steeper skill curve. No trainee flies client missions until passing Week 5 cleanly or via make-up; this is a real gate, not just diagnostic.

Solo survey mission rubric

Each trainee performs the following four demonstrations Friday morning, autonomous from start to platform upload:

  • 1. Pre-flight checklist: 22-item walk-through, out loud, no items skipped, no out-of-order. Cohort observers verify silently. ~3-5 min.
  • 2. Mission planning + upload: AOI polygon drawn correctly; survey grid generated with cohort default parameters; mission uploaded to FC; verified loaded on Configurator status bar. ~10 min.
  • 3. Autonomous mission execution: manual takeoff to mission altitude; mission engaged via AUX 3; drone executes survey grid; auto-RTH and auto-land complete cleanly. No stick input during autonomous phase. ~6-8 min.
  • 4. Platform upload + observation: NDVI imagery uploaded to Lumipad platform within 30 minutes of landing; trainee reviews imagery; identifies and articulates one observation about the surveyed plot to cohort. ~10 min.

Pass: 4/4 cleanly. Conditional pass: 4/4 with minor issue documented (e.g., upload took 35 min instead of 30; observation thin). Saturday make-up: one specific failure point. Extended Week 7: multiple issues or sustained difficulty.

Cumulative end-of-week verification (passive)

By Friday morning, each trainee's build should also have demonstrated (during the week, not as separate Friday assessment items):

  • ~25 minutes total unassisted flight time accumulated Mon-Thu.
  • Coordinated patterns (box, figure-8, orbit) flown Tuesday.
  • FPV-only segment completed Tuesday.
  • RTH mid-mission drill responded to correctly Thursday.
  • Radio-loss drill: failsafe triggered correctly Thursday.
  • Low-battery drill: trainee landed safely on alarm Thursday.

If any of these have unresolved issues by Friday morning: trainee gets Friday afternoon open-lab time to verify before Week 5 sign-off. Historically: ~5% have unresolved Mon-Thu items at Friday morning; most resolve in 30-60 min of Friday afternoon practice.

Cohort default historical for Week 5: ~65% pass cleanly Friday morning; ~20% conditional pass; ~10-15% Saturday make-up or extended Week 7. The Saturday/Week 7 rate is the highest of any week — Week 5 is the steepest skill curve. All cohort 02 trainees who took Saturday or Week 7 ultimately graduated and flew client missions. The optional Week 7 has been used by ~5-10% of cohorts; cohort default doesn't penalise it.